Legal Processes: A Step-by-Step Guide

Understanding the legal process can feel overwhelming. This guide breaks down the key stages and concepts you'll encounter, from raising an issue to concluding a claim. Select a topic below to read the detailed guide.

Stage 1: Before a Formal Claim

These are the crucial first steps to take before a case goes to a tribunal. Understanding this stage is vital to protecting your rights and timelines.

  • Acas Early Conciliation

    • A guide to the mandatory first step for most claims. Learn how it works, what to expect, and how it "stops the clock" on your time limits.

    • [Read the full guide on Acas Early Conciliation]

  • Settlement Agreements

    • Our guide explains "Without Prejudice" offers, your right to independent legal advice, and the key terms to negotiate in an agreed exit.

    • [Read the full guide on Settlement Agreements]

Stage 2: The Core Legal Claims

This section explains the legal foundation of your case. It is essential to identify the correct legal claims before submitting your ET1 form.

  • Discrimination Claims (Equality Act 2010)

    • A detailed look at the different types of discrimination (direct, indirect, harassment, and victimisation) with clear examples and the evidence you'll need.

    • [Read the full guide on Discrimination Claims]

  • Unfair & Constructive Dismissal

    • Learn about the legal tests for a fair dismissal, the two-year qualifying period, and what happens if you are forced to resign.

    • [Read the full guide on Unfair & Constructive Dismissal]

  • Breach of Contract

    • A guide to contract-based claims like unpaid notice pay or unlawful deductions from wages, and when to use the County Court instead of the Tribunal.

    • [Read the full guide on Breach of Contract Claims]

  • Whistleblowing (Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998)

    • Understand how to make a "protected disclosure," what counts as being in the public interest, and your rights against being penalised.

    • [Read the full guide on Whistleblowing]

Stage 3: The Tribunal Process

This section provides a complete roadmap for what to expect if you proceed with a formal legal claim.

  • The Employment Tribunal (ET)

    • Our comprehensive, step-by-step guide to the entire tribunal process, from the ET1 form to the final hearing and potential outcomes.

    • [Go to the Employment Tribunal Preparation Toolkit]